The BBC News 25 July 2009 reports on scotopic sensitivity (to which I referred here):
Ben Osborne-Harris is a bright teenager, who has sat two of his GCSEs a year earlier than normal. But just a couple of years ago, the 13-year-old London schoolboy was struggling badly – because he could not read properly. “He just found it incredibly difficult to grasp reading at school,” said his mother Gaynor. “His reading age was well below average. When he got homework I had to help him read it and when he sat his Sats tests at 11 (in English, maths and science) he had to have someone read the questions to him.
Coloured filters “I initially thought he was dyslexic and took him to be tested but, because he could not read very well, the test did not work and they could not determine whether he was or was not.” On a routine visit to the optometrist she mentioned the problem and they suggested testing Ben for a condition called scotopic sensitivity, a type of visual disturbance, which can easily be overcome or dramatically improved with the simple use of coloured filters. It worked, and Ben has leapt ahead taking parts of his drama and maths GCSE exams a year early. London optometrist Prakash Rughani, who treated Ben, said scotopic sensitivity is thought to affect half of all children with learning difficulties, amounting to around a million children in the UK . Testing is available at a number of optometrist clinics throughout the UK , but not on the NHS and needs to be funded privately. The cost of the checks and coloured glasses, if needed, it costs around £150-£175. Mr Rughani said the treatment can also help with another eye condition, visual stress, that can also slow progress at school. “This is essentially hyperactivity of the brain, resulting in visual disturbances and headaches which may cause problems with reading. “In this case, the colour tints help by making the brain relax. “The patients are unaware, because they have nothing to compare with that they have these difficulties, but it stops them from reading efficiently, ” he said. ‘It’s tragic but true that many children struggle unnecessarily at school.” Missing treatments Mr Rughani said many children who could benefit from this treatment are not doing so, because it is not being picked up. “We get patients all the time who don’t know this sort of help is available from their optometrist.” Mr Rughani, of Visioncare Medical Eye Centre, said colorimetry testing can bring about a dramatic improvement. Different people’s eyes respond to the varying wavelengths produced by different colours “If an initial ‘rate of reading’ investigation suggests that a child may benefit from colorimetry, we will dispense a colour overlay or for them to try,” he said. Over 100,000 tints are on offer and they can be fitted into glasses if found to be useful. Gaynor said she believed the colour filters had made a difference to her son’s vision. “The improvement in his education was staggering. “‘Now can do his homework unaided and is so much happier, even with the rest of his GCSEs looming!’ “I don’t think I will ever be able to say for definite it was because of the colours, but it is a reasonable coincidence. And if I didn’t think it made a difference to his reading I wouldn’t keep paying for the glasses.” Colour shades “Ben says he still notices a difference. “He said the words were a bit clearer with the colours. They call him Elton John at school because of the different colours in his glasses. “He has had them in rose pink and bright green – now deep blue so the needs do keep changing. “It does make me wonder whether there are other children this might help with.” Dr Susan Blakeney, optometric adviser for the College of Optometrists agreed that studies have shown that the filters may benefit some pupils with learning difficulties. But she added: “The patient should make certain that they have had a thorough eye examination to ensure that there are no other problems which may be contributing to difficulties reading.” I was more than a little concerned to read the mother’s statement that she had ‘initially thought he was dyslexic and took him to be tested but, because he could not read very well, the test did not work and they could not determine whether he was or was not.” It seems odd that because a child has reading difficulties he can’t be assessed for dyslexia because he has reading difficulties! Surely that’s the point! |
How coloured lenses helped Ben read
July 27, 2009
Assessment, Dyslexia, education, Literacy, Reading, special educational needs, specific learning difficulties, visual literacy 3 Comments
David Gilmour
Jul 27, 2009 @ 15:35:27
This is a curious one: the whole thing reads more like a press release than anything else, and a number of aspects strike me as odd:
– Why is this in the news? What’s in it for who?
– There is no evidence of why the boy is bright, or in what way.
– Having a reading age below average is normal for half the population.
– The inability to do a dyslexia test, which you noted, seems strange.
– Maths and Drama wouldn’t be the obvious subjects to benefit from improved reading.
– Some of it is scientific-sounding, but pretty meaningless, for example: “Different people’s eyes respond to the varying wavelengths produced by different colours.”
– The fact that the needs keep changing, generating a steady income stream.
We have had a recent case where colours have been an issue in relation to computer displays, so I decided to find out a little more.
I found a critical appraisal by Solan HA and Richman J. of the Learning Disabilities Unit, State College of Optometry/SUNY, NY 10010. This meta analysis of 13 pro and con research papers suggests that, at the time anyway, there were still many unanswered questions. I hope you find it of interest..
David Gilmour
Jul 27, 2009 @ 15:37:18
I meant to include a link to the abstract: it’s here:
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2136527?ordinalpos=1&itool=EntrezSystem2.PEntrez.Pubmed.Pubmed_ResultsPanel.Pubmed_DiscoveryPanel.Pubmed_Discovery_RA&linkpos=4&log$=relatedreviews&logdbfrom=pubmed
Hilery Williams
Jul 30, 2009 @ 10:41:08
David
Your rigour and thoroughness put me to shame. Thanks for this.
It is, of course, a press release in the silly season but it does raise several issues which you so clearly delineate.
Helen Irlen has been offering training in the use of coloured overlays and filters to ‘improve the brain’s ability to process visual information’ since 1980. Her website claims that hers ‘is the only method scientifically proven to successfully correct the processing problems associated with Irlen Syndrome’. This is another circuitous argument akin to that of the mother quoted in the article!
As you say there is little but anecdotal evidence – despite Irlen’s contention that it is research-based – to substantiate the claims.
However, we should not discount the placebo effect completely. Sometimes when parents relax a bit, believing that they are doing something to make a difference (even if it entails paying substantial sums of money!) their children do appear to make progress. This may be temporary but any diminution of stress is a good thing I suppose.
Certainly, of all the numerous children to whom I have offered coloured overlays only one or two have continued to use them beyond the novelty stage. There will be many reasons why a youngster chooses to reject support but I do believe that if the overlays made a material difference to reading ability then more would have persisted.
When I am writing I routinely alter the background colour of the screen as I am certain it reduces strain on my eyes – and I have no reading difficulties whatsoever! The stark contrast of black print on white paper/screen is tiring over a prolonged period. I encourage children to do this too, whatever level of literacy they have attained.
Another serious point within the report is that many parents are unaware of the service that optometrists can offer. Our first question when presented with a child with reading difficulties is whether s/he has had hearing and sight checked. Most optometrists do simple tests on the NHS (at least here in Scotland) that at least point to the need for further investigation.
Let’s see whether we get a flurry of enquiries about this at the start of term!
Cheers